How do I refer to the EQ-5D-5L instruments in publications?

When publishing results obtained with the EQ-5D-5L, the following key references can be used:

  • The EuroQol Group (1990). EuroQol-a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life. Health Policy 16(3):199-208.
  • Brooks R (1996). EuroQol: the current state of play. Health Policy 37(1):53-72.
  • Rabin, R., & de Charro, F (2001). EQ-5D: a measure of health status from the EuroQol Group. Annals of Medicine 33(5):337-343.
  • Herdman M, Gudex C, Lloyd A, Janssen MF, Kind P, Parkin D, Bonsel G, Badia X (2011). Development and preliminary testing of the new five-level version of EQ-5D (EQ-5D-5L). Quality of Life Research 20(10):1727-36.
  • Janssen MF, Pickard AS, Golicki D, Gudex C, Niewada M, Scalone L, Swinburn P, Busschbach J (2013). Measurement properties of the EQ-5D-5L compared to the EQ-5D-3L across eight patient groups: a multi-country study. Quality of Life Research 22(7):1717-27.
  • Buchholz I, Janssen MF, Kohlmann T, Feng YS (2018). A systematic review of studies comparing the measurement properties of the three-level and five-level versions of the EQ-5D. Pharmacoeconomics 36(6):645-661.
  • Janssen MF, Bonsel GJ, Luo N (2018). Is EQ-5D-5L Better Than EQ-5D-3L? A Head-to-Head comparison of descriptive systems and value sets from seven countries/regions. Pharmacoeconomics 36(6):675-697.

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